• Transplacental infection
• Perinatal infection: birth canal contact
  • GBS, HSV, STI (N.gonorrhea), E.coli
• Postnatal infection
• Primary infection is higher risk
• Time of infection is important (trimester)

• Congenital Toxoplasmosis
• Congenital Syphilis
• Congenital Rubella Syndrome (Rubella virus)
• Congenital Varicella Syndrome
• Congenital CMV Infection
• Congenital HSV Infection
• Congenital HIV Infection
• Congenital Zika Syndrome

Perinatal Hepatitis B Infection

• Congenital Hepatitis C
• Parvovirus B-19 (Hydrops fetalis)

Congenital Infections: Key Board Clues