<aside> 🗡️

High-yield buzzwords:

• HIV = retrovirus, +ssRNA, gp120 → CD4
• CCR5 early, CXCR4 late
• CD4 count predicts OIs
• Viral load = disease activity
• Opportunistic infections define AIDS

NBME test-taking strategy (1 line): Always ask: CD4 count? Viral load? → predicts infections and management.

Opportunistic Infections:

• If you see CD4 <200 + dyspnea → PCP
• If you see CD4 <100 + ring-enhancing brain lesions → Toxoplasma
• If you see CD4 <50 + vision loss → CMV retinitis
• If you see acute mono-like illness + negative Ab → acute HIV </aside>

HIV-1 vs HIV-2

HIV Virology, Pathophysiology

Clinical Manifestations (Non-AIDS Defining)

Diagnosis

Opportunistic Infections in HIV Patients

AIDS Defining Illnesses

CNS Disease in HIV

HIV Antiviral Drugs

• HIV patient can receive live vaccines if
  1. Asymptompatic
  2. CD4 percentage is ore than 15 % in children less than 5 years
  3. If CD4 count is more than 200 cell/microliter in children above 5 years
  • Oral polio and BCG are absolutely contraindicated in HIV patients